GIFT

This paper focuses on the learner modeling component of intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs). The majority of ITSs are domain-dependent with the domain content being closely tied to both knowledge about the learner, and the pedagogical strategies. However, the Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) is a domain-independent ITS framework. This domain-independent advantage allows for significant reuse (instructional and learner models), reducing the amount of time it takes to generate ITSs. It also creates interesting challenges and considerations that need to be taken into account when determining what elements need to be included in the various ITS modules. While GIFT currently includes a learner module component, additional research is expected to be conducted to determine the ideal components to include in GIFT’s learner module. The current paper discusses the unique challenges of developing domain-independent learner models, as well as concerns related to implementing and authoring.